Notably, the quarter also marked the busiest one for General Catalyst since 2021 in terms of investing in rounds of $5 million or above. The firm鈥檚 next-busiest fintech investing quarter in rounds of that size was the fourth quarter of 2025, when it participated in 10 raises of $5 million or above.

Overall, fintech startups raised $28.6 billion globally in the first half of 2026, a 22.7% increase from the first half of 2025, but down 17.3% compared to the $34.6 billion raised in the second half of last year. (It鈥檚 important to note that H2 2025 marked the strongest six-month funding period for fintech startups since the second half of 2022.)

Over the past year, startup accelerator Y Combinator has routinely ranked as the most active investor in the fintech space. And overall, it was still the most active investor in the second quarter of this year, participating in 41 deals.

But this time, it ranked behind General Catalyst in terms of backing fintech rounds in the $5 million or more category. General Catalyst participated in 12 of those deals, while YC and each invested in 11.

In overall fintech dealmaking, General Catalyst still ranked far behind YC鈥檚 41, with 13 deals. participated in 12, Index Ventures in 11, and in 10.

Top lead investors at $100M or more

For megarounds 鈥� those deals of $100 million or more 鈥� we once again saw private equity firms topping the list of lead or co-lead investors. , , , and topped that list, according to 小蓝视频色情网页版 data.

The largest rounds in Q2 were raised by a geographically diverse bunch of fintech startups. They include:

• Expense management startup was the fintech sector鈥檚 largest recipient of capital in the second quarter, raising a massive $750 million Series F round in June co-led by Ontario Teachers鈥� Pension Plan, Iconiq Capital and GIC that valued the company at over $50 billion post-money.
• , a London-based cross-border payments and foreign-exchange fintech majority-owned by , was a close second 鈥� landing $748 million in a private equity financing led by Centerbridge Partners in April.
• Also in April, Indian consumer lending startup raised $220 million in a Series E round co-led by , and that valued it at more than $1.5 billion.
• Paris-based insurtech landed a $545 million Series G led by Prosus that valued it at $6.2 billion.

Top fintech investors at seed

When it comes to investing in seed rounds, unsurprisingly, Y Combinator again topped the list 鈥� by far, with 33 fintech deals. Next up was with seven investments at the seed stage, and then with six.

The investor base shifted when we looked at who led or co-led post-seed rounds in the second quarter. General Catalyst topped that list, with five deals. , , , Index Ventures, and all tied with three investments each.

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• Fintech Funding Surges 23% In H1 2026 As Investors Concentrate Their Bets On AI And Financial Infrastructure

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In 2026, conversations about Black founders and venture capital have focused on access to funding. But as AI reshapes startup economics, the bigger challenge is no longer simply getting a first check, it’s raising enough capital at the seed stage to successfully reach Series A.

AI has fundamentally lowered the cost of building software companies. Founders can launch products faster, automate operations and accomplish with five employees what once required teams of 30. Yet while AI has reduced the cost of building a startup, it has not reduced the cost of scaling one. Companies still need resources to acquire customers, hire experienced talent, invest in go-to-market strategies, and generate the revenue and growth metrics institutional investors expect before leading a Series A round.

For Black founders, who continue to receive a disproportionately small share of venture capital, the inability to secure fully funded seed rounds has become one of the greatest barriers to building venture-scale companies.

AI is making seed capital more valuable, not less

One of the biggest misconceptions about AI is that startups simply need less money. In reality, AI has shifted when capital matters most. Because startups can now build products more efficiently, investors are increasingly rewarding founders who demonstrate real traction instead of polished ideas. Seed funding is no longer financing an experiment, it is financing proof.

That means founders need enough capital to move beyond building a product and toward building a business. Today’s Series A investors are looking for recurring revenue, customer retention, capital efficiency and repeatable growth. Those milestones require time, execution and sufficient capital.

The startups that reach them are increasingly those that raised enough capital early to stay focused on customers instead of constantly fundraising.

The numbers tell a stark story

The challenge is particularly acute for Black entrepreneurs. According to 小蓝视频色情网页版 data, U.S. startups with a Black founder or co-founder received just $942 million in venture funding in 2025, only 0.32% of all venture capital invested in the nation. That represents one of the lowest funding shares in years and a dramatic decline from 2021, when Black founders raised $5.2 billion during the post-George Floyd investment surge.

While 2026 has shown encouraging signs, with Black-founded startups raising approximately $643 million by late May, the strongest quarter since mid-2022, the improvement was driven largely by a handful of unusually large financings, including a $350 million AI round. Across the broader ecosystem, Black founders remain significantly underrepresented in venture funding.

The issue isn’t simply that too little capital is available. It’s that many Black founders raise partial seed rounds that leave them without enough operating flexibility to achieve the milestones required for institutional Series A financing.

The real gap is between seed and Series A

Historically, venture capital rewarded bold ideas and rapid expansion. Today’s market rewards disciplined execution. Investors expect startups to demonstrate product-market fit, meaningful revenue growth, and efficient operations before committing Series A capital. That has made the journey between seed and Series A longer and more demanding.

Black founders who raise only enough money to survive often find themselves trapped in a cycle of continuous fundraising. Instead of focusing on customers, product development and hiring, they spend valuable months chasing additional capital just to extend their runway.

In an AI-driven market where product cycles move faster than ever, that lost time can determine whether a startup becomes a category leader or gets left behind.

Oversubscribed seed rounds are a competitive advantage

This is why oversubscribed seed rounds are taking on new importance for Black founders. Traditionally, oversubscription was viewed primarily as a signal of investor demand. Today, it is becoming a strategic advantage.

Additional capital gives Black founders flexibility to weather slower fundraising markets, invest aggressively when opportunities emerge, and continue executing without returning to investors every few months. It also allows founders to pursue growth intentionally rather than reactively.

Capital efficiency remains important, but efficiency is most valuable when paired with enough capital to execute.

The AI economy requires longer vision

The venture industry often celebrates AI for making entrepreneurship more accessible. In many ways, that’s true. The barriers to launching a company have never been lower. But lowering the cost of starting a company does not eliminate the capital required to build an enduring one.

Closing the Series A funding gap is therefore not simply about increasing investment in Black founders. It’s about ensuring founders have enough money to reach the milestones that unlock future institutional capital. That鈥檚 how you create more Black unicorns.

For Black founders, the conversation should no longer focus solely on access to capital. It should focus on whether they have enough capital to compete. In the AI economy, the Black-led companies that endure won’t simply be those that build the fastest, they will be the ones with the resources to keep building long enough to win.

and are the co-founders of (Black Ops VC), an early-stage venture capital firm. Norman is a managing partner at Black Ops VC. He is also the CEO of , an AI-powered market research platform used by industry giants such as and that鈥檚 designed for the media and entertainment spaces to gather audience feedback on video content, and a partner at , an accelerator that provides intense programming, resources and capital to overlooked founders.

Along with serving as general partner at Black Ops VC, Green is the founder and CEO of , an AI-powered CRM and inventory management platform specifically designed for art galleries, dealers, auction houses and collectors.聽

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• 6 Startup Investors On What It Will Take To Fund More Black Founders
• 鈥楾his System Wasn鈥檛 Built For Me鈥�: Black Founders Became Investors To Change Venture Capital

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Mexico鈥檚 startups led the LatAm pack in Q2 鈥� by a wide margin. The country鈥檚 startups raised $944 million in the second quarter, up 131% compared to $409 million in last year鈥檚 Q2, and up 136% from the $401 million raised in this year鈥檚 first quarter, per 小蓝视频色情网页版 data. For comparison鈥檚 sake, that鈥檚 almost as much as Latin American startups as a whole raised in the second quarter of 2025.

Notably, Mexico-based companies accounted for the region鈥檚 three largest fundraising deals in the quarter ended June 30.

Meanwhile, Brazil-headquartered startups raised $350 million in Q2 2026, down 11% from the $363 million raised in Q2 2025, but up 20% from the $270 million raised in Q1 2026.

In general, a continued boom in late-stage and growth funding helped buoy the region for the period, 小蓝视频色情网页版 data shows. Startups in Latin America raised a combined $1.36 billion across seed- and growth-stage deals in the second quarter, up 47% year over year and 22% from the first quarter.

For perspective, we charted out total investment, color-coded by stage, for the past 10 quarters below.

Of that total, $991 million went into late-stage and growth deals, up 84% year over year and 30% compared to the first quarter of 2026.

Round counts declined sequentially and year-over-year across angel, seed and early stages. (We expect the Q2 deal count to rise somewhat over time, however, as seed rounds in particular are commonly reported weeks or months after they close.)

Table of contents

• Late-stage boom
• Investor POV
• The US-LatAm connection
• Methodology
• Glossary of funding terms

Late-stage boom

There were five nine-figure raises in Latin America in the second quarter, and as mentioned earlier, three of those were by Mexico City-based companies. Interestingly, several of the deals were led by U.S.-based firms.

• In June, payments startup raised $500 million at a valuation exceeding $2.5 billion in a private-equity deal with undisclosed investors.
• In April, digital bank raised $405 million in a Series C round led by Miami-based at a $5 billion valuation.
• And in February, , a startup that operates a pre-owned car marketplace, raised $300 million in a Series F financing co-led by Laguna Beach, California-based and Menlo Park-based . Notably, the round was reported to be a16z鈥檚 largest investment in Latin America and the first in the region for its growth fund.

Other large deals in Latin America in the same period included a $195 million round for Argentinian digital bank in March, led by Germany鈥檚 at a $3.2 billion valuation. And, Sao Paulo-based legaltech startup raised a $100 million Series B led by San Francisco-based

Investor POV

Several investors who spoke with 小蓝视频色情网页版 News described a somewhat slower pace in the region. , co-founder and general partner of New York-based , said the firm remains active, although its investments so far this year have been in U.S. and European companies. It has seen less early-stage fintech activity in Latin America but expects to make new investments in the region, given its current pipeline.

The region鈥檚 underlying fundamentals remain intact and fintech adoption continues to grow, he said.

, principal at Alexandria, Virginia-based , said her firm鈥檚 pace in Latin America has also slowed, largely because it is increasingly investing around global themes rather than individual geographies. As QED focuses more heavily on stablecoins and artificial intelligence, many of the most compelling startups it encounters operate globally, with Latin America representing one of several important markets, she said.

Within Latin America, QED generally invests at the later Series B stage.

, managing partner at Mexico City-based , said the firm鈥檚 investment pace has remained consistent.

Brazil and Mexico continue to attract the bulk of all three firms鈥� activity, but the investors noted that promising companies are also emerging elsewhere in the region.

Armaza cited portfolio successes including Uruguay-based , which was acquired this year by U.S. public company ; Argentina鈥檚 , which raised a $55 million Series C in January; and Venezuela鈥檚 , which serves CFOs and corporate treasury teams.

鈥淚 think this is an underrated LatAm story right now: The periphery is also producing big successes,鈥� he said.

The US-LatAm connection

The investors are also tracking an increasingly fluid relationship between Latin America and U.S. technology hubs.

Hi Ventures, which is now focused almost exclusively on AI applications, has expanded its strategy to include Latin American founders building companies in the San Francisco Bay Area. About half of its portfolio is based in San Francisco, including companies led by founders originally from Mexico, Brazil, Chile and Argentina.

鈥淲e increasingly think of the ecosystem as one connected innovation network rather than separate geographies,鈥� Antoni said.

Armaza has observed a similar trend among both repeat and first-time entrepreneurs who are relocating to San Francisco or New York to build U.S. or global companies from the outset.

鈥淭he talent is still LatAm talent, but the company formation is increasingly happening here,鈥� he said.

The New York-based firm鈥檚 sector focus remains on early-stage companies developing financial and commercial infrastructure.

At QED, meanwhile, stablecoins, tokenization and digital assets have become a substantially larger part of the investment strategy than they were several years ago, particularly at the infrastructure layer. The firm is also interested in the intersection of AI and fintech, including applications that improve financial operations and customer experiences or broaden access to financial services.

Overall investment in Latin America remains far below its 2021 peak and has returned to roughly 2019 levels in both capital deployed and deal volume.

But today鈥檚 market differs from 2019 in one significant respect, Antoni noted: AI allows founders to build companies and reach meaningful milestones with considerably less capital. That shift may particularly benefit Latin American entrepreneurs accustomed to operating with limited resources.

鈥淭he region has always produced resourceful founders, and today鈥檚 environment rewards capital efficiency rather than aggressive spending,鈥� he said.

The threshold for securing funding, particularly at the Series A stage and beyond, has nevertheless risen considerably. Investors are still deploying capital, Antoni said, but more selectively.

Armaza noted that global investors have historically cycled in and out of Latin America, particularly firms without dedicated regional teams or local roots. But the region鈥檚 largest rounds in 2026 have attracted firms including , Andreessen Horowitz, , Allianz X and .

鈥淭his tells you that the best capital in the world finds great companies, regardless of macro sentiment,鈥� Armaza said.

Recent public-market activity by Brazilian fintech companies could further boost the funding prospects for later-stage startups. Gadala-Maria said the fact that two of fintech鈥檚 three IPOs have come from Brazil serves as an important signal that Latin America can produce durable, high-quality fintech companies capable of reaching sufficient scale to enter the public markets.

The newly public companies also provide comparables that investors can use to evaluate the next generation of later-stage Latin American fintech companies, potentially giving them greater confidence in underwriting those businesses. QED has several Latin American portfolio companies that could pursue public listings if market conditions and timing were favorable, Gadala-Maria said.

Related reading:

• Where Argentina And Spain Are Scoring Startup Goals

Methodology

The data contained in this report comes directly from 小蓝视频色情网页版, and is based on reported data. Data is as of July 9, 2026.

Note that data lags are most pronounced at the earliest stages of venture activity, with seed funding amounts increasing significantly after the end of a quarter/year.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted.

小蓝视频色情网页版 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 小蓝视频色情网页版 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

Glossary of funding terms

Seed and angel consists of seed, pre-seed and angel rounds. 小蓝视频色情网页版 also includes venture rounds of unknown series, equity crowdfunding and convertible notes at $3 million (USD or as-converted USD equivalent) or less.

Early-stage consists of Series A and Series B rounds, as well as other round types. 小蓝视频色情网页版 includes venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $3 million, and those less than or equal to $15 million.

Late-stage consists of Series C, Series D, Series E and later-lettered venture rounds following the 鈥淪eries [Letter]鈥� naming convention. Also included are venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $15 million. Corporate rounds are only included if a company has raised an equity funding at seed through a venture series funding round.

Technology growth is a private-equity round raised by a company that has previously raised a 鈥渧enture鈥� round. (So basically, any round from the previously defined stages.)

Illustration:

Everywhere you look, venture headlines imply that seed rounds have meaningfully changed shape.

raised $1 billion for a company that didn’t exist a week earlier. launched with $6.2 billion out the gate. hit $475 million two months after founding.

It’s easy to read those headlines and conclude the venture model has been rewritten, that AI is a once-in-a-generation opportunity requiring once-in-a-generation capital.

We disagree. And so does the data.

The biotech parallel

At , we鈥檝e built deep domain expertise in biotech, the sector with the longest history of mega first rounds in venture.

Biotech mega-seeds are common because the science requires it, you can’t run a Phase 1 trial on $3 million, but the return profile is often humbling. Large first rounds in biotech have produced a handful of strong outcomes for first-check investors 鈥� and a very long tail of modest ones. Our experience with this trend in biotech motivated us to compile a dataset and pressure-test our intuition more broadly.

We pulled every publicly available $100 million-plus first round we could find over the last 15 years (roughly 200 deals) and found that only 20% had recorded exits. Of those, only a few delivered what we’d call a venture-like return: 10x MOIC or better for the first-round investor. In other words, approximately 1% of companies that publicly raised $100 million or more in their first financing round generated returns that justify the asset class. Capital intensity, as it turns out, actually worked against venture outcomes.

That distribution will improve with a few well-placed AI outcomes this year. and alone will essentially double the number of outlier returns in this data set when they exit. But even there, the return math is nuanced for first round investors. According to reports, first-round investors are looking at 30-40x returns at OpenAI鈥檚 projected IPO valuations.

That’s a fantastic outcome, but it’s also a fraction of what early institutional investors made on the generational outcomes of prior eras.

and each turned roughly $12.5 million of their checks into around $4 billion, driving reported returns somewhere north of 300x. reportedly turned a roughly $500,000 investment in into $2.5 billion 鈥� nearly 5,000x.

These are exponentially larger outcomes. Why? The difference wasn’t a byproduct of company quality but of entry price. Those historical investors got in at a price that left room for the upside to actually compound.

The mega round is real, but not replacing the market

The number of $50 million-plus seed rounds has exploded since 2018. But traditionally sized first rounds are also growing. The headline-grabbing rounds are a small fraction of what’s actually getting funded, and an even smaller fraction of what will return venture-scale capital.

Moreover, the companies people now hold up as AI winners started small, only further reinforcing this point.

‘s first round was less than $10 million. ‘ was $2 million. ‘s was $11 million. ‘s was $25 million. Even at the frontier-model layer, ‘s first round was $5 million. Today, every one of those companies is valued north of $5 billion and generating hundreds of millions in revenue.

Cursor at less than $10 million is the more representative data point. Project Prometheus at $6.2 billion is the exception.

Capital intensity is not a moat

Raising a massive first round doesn’t inherently make a company more likely to generate venture size returns for its investors. Sometimes it’s a necessary cost of doing business, but the venture math is unforgiving.

High entry prices leave less room for the upside to accrue, regardless of the underlying opportunity. The playbook that has worked across every prior technology wave is to buy meaningful ownership in capital-efficient companies at prices that leave room for the upside.

That playbook doesn’t make for dramatic headlines in 2025. But it’s what the historical data, from Google to Uber to Cursor, consistently vindicates.

A few of today’s mega-seeded AI companies will absolutely deliver 10x-plus MOICs, just as a few winners have in every era. But the data鈥檚 been consistent for 15 years, and building a portfolio around the exceptions, rather than the pattern, is a bet with a long losing track record.

is a principal at , where she draws on a decade of infrastructure and technology investing experience as well as a systems engineering background to support exceptional entrepreneurs building the next generation of frontier technology companies. Prior, McDonald was an investor at , where she focused on growth-stage climate tech companies. She began her career in‘ power and utilities group and then at , where she developed deep expertise across energy, infrastructure and project finance.

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• In Charts: Seed Deals Keep Getting Bigger As Odds Of Reaching Series A Fall Dramatically
• Data: The Seed Funding Boom Is Concentrating Capital In The San Francisco Bay Area
• Seed Funding Is Bigger Than Ever 鈥� And Harder To Get

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Overall, investors poured $42.8 billion into startup funding rounds across all of Asia in Q2 2026, per 小蓝视频色情网页版 data. That鈥檚 by far the highest quarterly total in more than three years, as charted below.

Investment rose sharply at both seed and early stage, driven by megarounds for foundational AI startups. Capital was highly concentrated among a few favored names, with deal counts actually hitting a multiyear low in Q2, even as investment skyrocketed.

Table of contents

• AI leads the surge
• China leads, followed by India and Singapore
• Late stage gets a boost
• Early stage was on fire too
• Seed holds strong
• An up quarter
• Methodology
• Glossary of funding terms

AI leads the surge

Artificial intelligence-focused startups scooped up more than 60% of all venture funding to Asia-based startups in Q2. Altogether, those companies pulled in just over $26 billion, by far the highest sum on record.

A handful of companies accounted for a big chunk of the total. Of those, China-based large language model developer was the fundraising leader by a wide margin, raising $7.4 billion at a reported $50 billion valuation in June.

Two other companies tied for second, each raising $2.5 billion. One, foundational AI startup , is based in China. The other, AI data center developer , is headquartered in Singapore.

China leads, followed by India and Singapore

Alongside the AI surge, the other standout investment trend for Q2 was the sharp rise in funding to China-based startups.

Overall, Chinese companies pulled in just over $30 billion in venture funding across stages during the quarter. Investment was up a staggering 424% over year-ago levels and rose 76% from the prior quarter.

The next-largest funding destinations were Singapore, which attracted about

$3.6 billion, and India, with $3.3 billion. Below, we charted the funding share among the six Asian countries with the highest levels of startup investment in Q2.

Late stage gets a boost

The Q2 funding gains weren鈥檛 limited to a particular stage, as both early- and later-stage dealmaking saw increased investment.

Late stage pulled in the largest share. Per 小蓝视频色情网页版 data, nearly $21 billion went to late-stage and technology growth rounds for startups in Asia in the just-ended quarter, the highest total in more than four years.

Funding was more than triple year-ago levels. Gains have steadily mounted over the past five quarters, as charted below.

Early stage was on fire too

Early stage investment also soared, hitting its highest point since 2021.

Overall, an estimated $18.4 billion went to early-stage rounds in Q2, roughly triple year-ago levels and up 57% from the prior quarter.

Seed holds strong

Seed, meanwhile, also held strong, with $3.7 billion in reported investment at this stage in Q2, roughly flat with the prior quarter. (As always, we expect the final number for Q2 to come in higher, as deals may be entered into the dataset weeks or months after the close.)

An up quarter

Broadly, the second quarter tallies paint an upbeat picture for Asia鈥檚 startup funding scene, at least compared to a year or two ago. That said, investors continue to be quite selective about who they fund, meaning that while chosen founders are attracting big checks, others may still be struggling to secure backing, even at much smaller sums.

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Methodology

The data contained in this report comes directly from 小蓝视频色情网页版, and is based on reported data. Data is as of July 10, 2026.

Note that data lags are most pronounced at the earliest stages of venture activity, with seed funding amounts increasing significantly after the end of a quarter/year.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted.

小蓝视频色情网页版 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 小蓝视频色情网页版 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

Glossary of funding terms

Seed and angel consists of seed, pre-seed and angel rounds. 小蓝视频色情网页版 also includes venture rounds of unknown series, equity crowdfunding and convertible notes at $3 million (USD or as-converted USD equivalent) or less.

Early-stage consists of Series A and Series B rounds, as well as other round types. 小蓝视频色情网页版 includes venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $3 million, and those less than or equal to $15 million.

Late-stage consists of Series C, Series D, Series E and later-lettered venture rounds following the 鈥淪eries [Letter]鈥� naming convention. Also included are venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $15 million. Corporate rounds are only included if a company has raised an equity funding at seed through a venture series funding round.

Technology growth is a private-equity round raised by a company that has previously raised a 鈥渧enture鈥� round. (So basically, any round from the previously defined stages.)

Illustration:

Within the region, U.K. startups gained significant share in Q2, raising more than $10 billion. That marked the third-largest funding quarter for the U.K. on record, and came in at less than $500 million below its peak quarter in 2021.

European startup M&A activity also picked up in Q1 and continued that momentum in Q2, even as public-market exits stayed subdued.

Table of contents

• Large rounds drive gains
• H1 2026 up 50%
• UK momentum builds
• By stage
• Looking ahead
• Methodology
• Glossary of funding terms

Large rounds drive gains

Four companies raised venture fundings of a billion dollars or more last quarter, accounting for 25% of all startup investment in the region in Q2, 小蓝视频色情网页版 data shows.

Those billion-dollar-plus rounds were raised by an AI-centric group: -owned AI drug developer , which was spun out of ; green steel production manufacturer ; , which is developing robots for home and industrial applications; and , an AI lab founded by former DeepMind researchers.

However, most of the growth in funding year over year and quarter over quarter was driven by rounds of $100 million and over. The majority of funding 鈥� 65% 鈥斅爓ent to a group of 42 companies that raised rounds of $100 million-plus. Sectors that stood out for these companies include聽 biotech, quantum, financial services, AI labs, aerospace, semiconductor, robotics and energy.

H1 2026 up 50%

Funding to Europe-based startups in H1 was up 50% year over year to total $42 billion, 小蓝视频色情网页版 data shows. Still, the region鈥檚 startup investment for the first half of the year remained well below the 2021 H1 peak, when VC funding in Europe totaled $60 billion.

It鈥檚 also drastically lower than the $392 billion raised in North America鈥檚 record-setting H1, with that region鈥檚 funding up 158% year over year.

Europe鈥檚 funding deal count subsided last quarter, but mostly at the seed stage. Late-stage rounds were up a bit, while early-stage deals dipped slightly year over year. (It鈥檚 worth noting, seed stage rounds are often added to the 小蓝视频色情网页版 data set after the close of the quarter, so those numbers will increase over time.)

UK momentum builds

The United Kingdom widened its venture-funding lead last quarter, as startups based in the country raised $10.4 billion 鈥� not far from the peak in 2021 at $10.8 billion.

The region鈥檚 No. 2 startup market, Germany, trailed with $3.2 billion raised by its startups in Q2, and France followed in third place with $2.4 billion. Sweden was Europe鈥檚 fourth-largest startup market last quarter, with its companies raising $2 billion.

小蓝视频色情网页版 data shows funding to Europe鈥檚 AI-focused companies reached more than $10 billion in Q2 鈥� the largest quarterly amount so far 鈥� but slightly below the Q1 percentage, when those companies raised more than half of the region鈥檚 startup investment.

By stage

Europe鈥檚 late-stage funding totaled $12.1 billion in Q2, up 90% year over year. Large Series C and D rounds were raised by Germany-based robotics developer Neura Robotics; Netherlands-based , which makes inspection tools for semiconductor manufacturing; U.K.-based quantum computing startup ; and Germany-based satellite launcher .

Early-stage funding reached $8.6 billion across 250-plus Europe-based startups last quarter, 小蓝视频色情网页版 data shows. Large Series A and Series B rounds were raised by London-based Isomorphic Labs, London-based AI self-learning lab , Germany-based fusion energy company , London-based semiconductor developer , and London-based quantum processor provider .

European seed funding totaled $3.2 billion last quarter, with a billion dollars of that raised by just one company: Ineffable Intelligence.

Other large seed rounds were raised by , a London-based AI lab for science; Italy-based autonomous driving technology producer ; and Stockholm-based defense tech company .

M&A increase

While IPO activity for European startups was muted, M&A showed strong momentum following increased activity in Q1. A total of 154 Europe-based, venture-backed companies were acquired for a cumulative $11.5 billion or more in Q2, 小蓝视频色情网页版 data shows. That includes three companies acquired for more than $1 billion each in biotech, industrial AI and micromobility.

Looking ahead

European startup investment has now steadily increased since the fourth quarter of 2024, with increased momentum in the just-ended quarter, driven by larger rounds of $100 million and over. The region鈥檚 startup ecosystem shows particular strength in deep tech and financial services as well as the formation of new AI labs, and M&A activity has fueled liquidity for the next batch of startups.

Now the question remains: Will it be enough to keep Europe competitive with the frontrunners, the U.S. and China?

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• 小蓝视频色情网页版 Data: Global Startup Investment Hit Record $510B In H1 2026 As AI Boom Accelerates Funding And Exits
• North American Startup Funding Shattered Records In First Half Of 2026, Driven By AI

Methodology

The data contained in this report comes directly from 小蓝视频色情网页版, and is based on reported data. Data is as of July 6, 2026.

Note that data lags are most pronounced at the earliest stages of venture activity, with seed funding amounts increasing significantly after the end of a quarter/year.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. 小蓝视频色情网页版 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 小蓝视频色情网页版 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

Glossary of funding terms

Seed and angel consists of seed, pre-seed and angel rounds. 小蓝视频色情网页版 also includes venture rounds of unknown series, equity crowdfunding and convertible notes at $3 million (USD or as-converted USD equivalent) or less.

Early-stage consists of Series A and Series B rounds, as well as other round types. 小蓝视频色情网页版 includes venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $3 million, and those less than or equal to $15 million.

Late-stage consists of Series C, Series D, Series E and later-lettered venture rounds following the 鈥淪eries [Letter]鈥� naming convention. Also included are venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $15 million. Corporate rounds are only included if a company has raised an equity funding at seed through a venture series funding round.

Technology growth is a private-equity round raised by a company that has previously raised a 鈥渧enture鈥� round. (So basically, any round from the previously defined stages.)

Per 小蓝视频色情网页版 data, and stood out among the most active U.S. venture and lead venture investors in the second quarter. The highest-spending investors, meanwhile, appear to be those who co-led 鈥檚 massive financing.

To get a more expanded sense of how busy startup backers spent their quarter, we put together several rankings for active investors. These include active venture backers, lead investors, highest spenders and prolific seed dealmakers.

Active venture investors

We鈥檒l start with the most active post-seed investors. By this metric 1, the standouts for Q2 were General Catalyst, and Andreessen Horowitz, with 39, 34 and 28 deals, respectively. Of those, more than two-thirds were for AI-focused startups, per 小蓝视频色情网页版 data.

All are names that repeatedly show up high in active investor rankings. Y Combinator in particular regularly comes up near the top as it habitually makes nonlead follow-on investments in startups that participated in its accelerator program.

Below, we ranked the 19 most active investors for Q2:

Most active lead investors

When we narrow the ranks to only lead investors in venture rounds, the lineup changes some, but not dramatically.

By this metric, Andreessen Horowitz comes in first with 17 deals. and General Catalyst are tied for second, with 13 led or co-led rounds each.

Overall, at least 12 investors led or co-led six or more venture rounds in Q2. We rank them below.

Highest-spending post-seed investors

Of course, the investors with the largest number of lead deals aren鈥檛 necessarily the ones who put the most capital to work.

To get a sense of the highest-spending startup investors for Q2, we look at who led or co-led rounds with the largest aggregate value. It鈥檚 not an exact tally, as investors rarely disclose their share of a particular round syndicate. However, it does give a sense of who has been writing seriously large checks.

For Q2, the top slots in this spendy investor ranking were dominated by backers. This included 10 co-lead investors in 鈥檚 $50 billion May , as well as , which led a $10 billion separate tranche, and , which led a $5 billion tranche.

Overall, there were 23 investors who led or co-led U.S. venture rounds valued at $2 billion or more in Q2. We rank them below.

Active seed investors

Among seed investors, the usual front-runner, Y Combinator, retained the top slot in Q2. The famed accelerator backed at least 225 seed, pre-seed or convertible note rounds for newly formed startups during the quarter.

was a distant second in the ranks, followed by . Below, we rank the 20 most active seed-stage investors in Q2:

No slowdown

Overall, the active investor ranks paint an image of a startup funding scene still in high gear. All the elements are there: big deals, high round counts and vibrant activity across stages.

We鈥檒l see if it keeps up in Q3.

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The firm says entrepreneurs starting their second or third companies have created more than $2 trillion in enterprise value across Europe, and expects the coming wave of AI exits to produce another generation of experienced founders.

鈥淭here鈥檚 beginning to be this super cycle of repeat founders in Europe,鈥� co-founder and managing partner said in an interview with 小蓝视频色情网页版 News. He recently relocated from San Francisco back to London, where the firm has also opened a new flagship office.

Repeat founders bring not just experience, but connections and the ability to hire quickly to the table, according to Murphy.

From its new fund, Tapestry plans to invest in a similar number of companies as it did with prior funds: Around 30 companies at pre-seed or seed.

Prior fund check sizes were around $1 million but checks from the new fund will trend larger, from around $1 million to $3 million, according to the firm.

The team seeks out previous founders even before they have decided what’s next. 鈥淟et鈥檚 spend time together before you start your new company. Let鈥檚 ideate, let鈥檚 brainstorm,鈥� said Murphy. 鈥淲e鈥檙e not taking anything for that 鈥� we鈥檙e not an incubator, we鈥檙e not an accelerator.鈥�

The firm鈥檚 earlier bets include smartphone and earbud developer and AI customer service startup , which was recently acquired by 1聽for $3.6 billion.

Other investments over the years include drone delivery startup and , which works to automate manufacturing. It also has a renewed focus around AI security with investments in , and .

New investors in this fund are sovereign investor , alongside pension fund and fund of fund . Notably, , CFO at , is also an investor in the fund.

鈥淚 think encouraging a vibrant boutique seed environment for funding is very important for encouraging creative new people to start interesting, different and weird businesses,鈥� said Murphy.

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founded after departing as CTO in 2022. The firm invests in companies rebuilding the physical economy. As Schroepfer and his partners at the firm see it, surging demand for AI, power and industrial capacity is creating a once-in-a-generation opportunity to rebuild the physical economy 鈥� from energy infrastructure and advanced manufacturing to materials and robotics. And as AI makes software cheaper and easier to create, the competitive advantage increasingly shifts to the hardware, energy systems and supply chains that underpin it all.

Key to starting the fund was Schroepfer’s experience building out the infrastructure to support Meta鈥檚 business. 鈥淚 could see the trends coming. We’re going to need all the compute,鈥� he said. 鈥淚 don’t know where we’re going to get the power, so it’s going to create this massive supply-demand crunch.鈥�

Gigascale raised its first institutional fund this month, a $250 million investment vehicle. The firm has already made more than to date.

Schroepfer鈥檚 partners at the firm are , previously an investor at climate-focused investor , and , previously at .

Before raising the fund, the firm made 22 investments funded by Schroepfer鈥檚 family office in order to prove the model. At the time, the broad perception was you could not make money investing in the hardware layer.

鈥楴ot software with higher capex鈥�

Gigascale invests at pre-seed through Series A with some later-stage investments. Its check size is anywhere from $1 million to $10 million.

Hardware businesses are not the same as software businesses. 鈥淚t’s not a software business with higher capex,鈥� said Schroepfer. 鈥淭he failure modes are very different. The way you plan and test and iterate, and what you understand is very different.鈥�

In our conversation, we spoke about an array of topics, including energy as a major investment focus, his learnings from running Meta, why now is a great time to build a hard-tech company and what excites him about the IPO.

Gen茅 Teare: What is Gigascale’s thesis?

Mike Schroepfer: It’s really simple. We are backing companies that are rebuilding the physical economy. This is how things are powered, built, moved, manufactured and how people are fed.

The belief is there is a confluence of technological changes that are bringing new products and new companies to market that are better, faster, cheaper than what’s out there. This is the biggest part of the economy.

Another way to say it is that we think the future is atoms, not bits, and it’s a really exciting time to be building these companies.

What did you see that made you decide to set up the fund in 2023?

Schroepfer: A lot of the tech trends I have been part of 鈥� from the web transition when I worked on Firefox, to the early web infrastructure at , to the mobile transition in the early 2010s, to founding the Facebook AI Research Lab in 2013, well before ChatGPT 鈥� were looking at the very shallow part of exponential curves. These technological changes did not seem that prevalent yet, but they were on this massive upswing.

I saw the same set of curves in solar cells, batteries and electrolyzers. They were all going through massive exponential cost downs, and at the same time a massive increase in demand. We had electric vehicles showing up, onshoring and manufacturing, and this was pre-data centers. I knew compute demand was going to grow. Where are we going to get the electrons to fuel all of this? It’s going to create an immense supply chain crunch.

Demand and supply were converging at the same time to create massive tailwinds. It just felt like this opportunity to rebuild the entire physical infrastructure in a way that our kids are happy about. Meaning, the new solution wins because it is cheaper, better and faster.

The other co-benefit it brings along with it is that because it is simple and cheaper, it is also less polluting, so it doesn’t hurt humans. I can build a solar farm way faster than I can build a gas power plant. I can live next to a solar farm and get zero pollution. I do not want to live next to a gas plant.

What I understand about the firm is that you are very focused on energy specifically. Is that a misunderstanding?

Schroepfer: It is probably the single biggest area that we invest in. A large chunk of our portfolio is energy. It is a $2 trillion market and it is the place where I think all the disruption is happening. But we also invest in industry, including materials from neodymium to copper, production and recycling, to a lot of AI in the physical world. That includes everything from how I use AI to make my house more efficient with , to how I build power-efficient AI inference chips with .

Then there is the built environment, in terms of buildings, and a little bit in food. We do a little bit in everything, but if you look at our portfolio, the two biggest hunks are really energy and AI in the physical world.

When do you think Silicon Valley woke up to the focus on the physical world?

Schroepfer: In the broad consensus, it happened recently 鈥� in the last six to 12 months. There were some folks who were looking at it early, but I think the broad consensus has just happened recently.

The other thing that I saw is, if AI is going to make software nearly free to write, then I think software businesses might be challenged, and the moat moves to the hardware. The game becomes: How do I get the infrastructure built to have a better AI? That is mostly an infrastructure hardware problem, less of a software coding problem, and that is going to filter through a lot of businesses.

When I started, frankly, three years ago, I had many people 鈥� I am thinking of someone sitting in my office 鈥� saying, 鈥渄on’t do this.鈥� All the money is in software. You can’t make money in hardware.

It doesn’t hurt that , , , and are now household names of companies that have had massive valuation runs because they are such a core part of the physical economy. I used to use Nvidia as my example, but now I can use SpaceX. Talk about a company in the biggest market that is running away from the competition. It’s a really hard company to compete with.

How should we understand the energy needs in the U.S.?

Schroepfer: We’ve been at relatively flat demand over the past 20 years or so, meaning each year that goes by, we don’t need much more power, close to 0%. We are now growing at at least a few percent a year.

Something has gone from almost no growth to relatively high growth. You’ve got hundreds of gigawatts of data centers planned to be built over the next five years alone. That doesn’t count EV charging stations and electrification of homes and factories. It’s a massive supply-demand imbalance right now, and building power takes a long time. If you’ve got to build a power line, if you’ve got to permit a gas power plant, these things take years, not months. It has created massive demand, but everyone wants compute yesterday.

Meta has used tents instead of buildings for their servers because cutting out the time erecting steel for the building gets them compute faster. Everyone is thinking about how to get power faster and how to get compute faster because, again, it’s a competitive advantage when infrastructure is the moat.

Which technologies are you focused on in the shorter term, and then the longer term?

Schroepfer: We have companies deploying things now. In the power crunch, one of the big problems is that the demand for power swings much more widely than it used to. It used to be fairly steady. Now you have big training runs, you have solar that comes on and comes off, and you need a shock absorber to dampen the power or deal with three or four days of clouds or no wind, if you’re depending on renewables.

is a company that has a new kind of battery that lasts for four days. You charge it up, and it’s there for 100 hours. In any event where a power plant is offline or the sun is not shining, Form Energy is there. Utilities think of this instead of building a gas power plant. There are these gas power plants called peakers, which you only turn on when you really need them. They sit there all the time, and then you fire them up in these intervals. Instead of doing that, which is very expensive, you have this Form Energy battery: zero emissions, much cheaper to operate, and built from the ground up for utilities using a totally different technology. They are going to be deploying batteries this year, as an example.

Going in a different direction, the entire supply chain for how we get electrons to a building. I’m going to build a new data center, and I have to hook it up to the grid to get electrons there. There is all this equipment in the middle called power transformers, these big green boxes or big metal boxes. It’s literally 1930s technology. We haven’t changed much since then. They are back-ordered for years now because they are these exquisite hardware machines.

There is a new company, , that said, 鈥渨ait a second, we’ve been shipping this new generation of technology called solid-state power electronics in electric vehicles 鈥� the Model 3, Model Y, and more 鈥� for millions of units a year, with very fast ramps. We’re taking that same technology and putting it on the grid.鈥� We’re replacing this 1930s technology with 2020s technology. It’s more efficient, it’s a third the size and, most importantly, they’re going to start shipping lots of units next year. They’re building their factory right now. In 2027, they’ll be shipping lots of these Heron Link units.

A little bit further out, we have a company called that said, 鈥渨e’ve got about 10 terawatts, which is an immense amount of power, in the Southern Ocean in waves sloshing around with nothing else going on down there. If we can harness that, it is an untapped resource.鈥�

They’re building autonomous buoys that float in the ocean. They bob up and down and turn that wave motion into electricity. Then they use that to power, on the buoy, a compute node to do AI inference and use to send the bits back. They’re kind of exporting electrons via tokens in the Southern Ocean.

They’ve been testing off the coast of Portland, and they’re going to deploy their first units next year. People have talked about data centers in space. My big pitch for this company is that it’s 100x cheaper to put a ton of capacity in the open ocean than it is to put it into space. If you think data centers in space are a good idea, you might want to look at the ocean.

Then you can think about , a company in El Segundo, California. They are building a compact, next-generation microreactor, or nuclear reactor. You can think of it as something you put on a truck or on an airplane, and it can run and power something for five years straight. Instead of, in a remote region in Alaska or on a Pacific island, doing what they do now, which is shipping diesel fuel there to run a diesel generator 24/7, you install one of these boxes, and it produces power for five years before it needs refueling. Most importantly, again, you would not want to sit next to a diesel generator while it’s operating. It has very toxic emissions. This thing has no emissions. It’s good for humans, and it’s actually going to be cost competitive with those things. Those are some examples of things we’re doing in the power sector that I think are really affecting the future.

Is there an unlock in this industry that has made development cheaper and faster at this moment in time?

Schroepfer: The analog I’d use is from computing. We used to build mainframes, these big building-sized computers. Then we had minicomputers that were still really big. This is the motherboard for the first server we designed at Meta that we deployed in 2011, called Freedom. It was a Type 1 server. It was the web server.

I installed millions of these, maybe tens of millions. I don’t even know how many. They’re all the same, every single one of them. They go in a pizza-box-size thing that goes into a rack in a building. That building comes in four units. Each of those is the same. That building is next to another building, which is exactly the same. We build four of those on a site. They all look the same. I did that in 17 places around the world. They all look the same.

The technique we use to make things cheap is mass manufacturing. Everything in your life that has gone down in price or improved in price-performance is mass manufactured: your iPhone, the servers and data centers. They’re all the same. They’re mass manufactured.

The world is full of custom, bespoke stuff that’s wickedly expensive.

In the power grid, for example, all of the stuff I talked about, you custom order it. I want a transformer. I do engineering design. I send it off to someone. Four years later, a truck shows up with the crane and all the rest of it. That’s inherently expensive and gets more expensive every year. Everything that is custom gets more expensive every year, so I think the biggest thing we’re seeing is this move to things that are mass manufactured.

Solar panels are mass manufactured. Batteries, the things that go in your phone or in your electric vehicle, are 99% cheaper than they were 20 years ago. That’s because we manufacture them at a massive scale. Every time you double the size of manufacturing, you get a 10% to 20% reduction in cost, and there are so many other problems like that.

In this case, the power electronics, the transformer, are all special-purpose. Heron Power is going to make the same box for a data center, for an EV car charger, and for a solar farm. It’s the same box. No changes. That’s how we’re going to get a cost curve down for these things. That is the most exciting trend underneath this: the idea that generalization and mass manufacturing of things allows you, year over year, to reduce costs.

When you’re competing in the power industry, fossil fuel costs have been basically stagnant. They go up and down a little bit, but if you average them over 50 years they are not on a cost-down curve. It doesn’t get cheaper to get oil out of the ground. My competition is flat, and I’m getting 10% to 20% cheaper every year. That’s a great business to be in. That’s the big trend behind all of this. We saw it first in solar and in batteries, but it enables a whole bunch of other things in other industries, like power electronics and more.

Are we at this time very dependent on China for mass manufacturing?

Schroepfer: A lot is coming from China, but I visit a factory a week in the United States that is getting spooled up with robotics, with really smart founders from and SpaceX. It turns out that when you start in 2026, you can build a much more efficient, much faster factory. You can use modern technologies.

Right now, China has the industrial base, and we’ve let it go. But I think we have a shot at rebuilding it in the United States, and I see brilliant founder after brilliant founder running at this problem inside the United States every day and every week.

It’s one of the reasons I started this firm, too. I think we have a shot to rebuild that industrial base in a next-generation set of technology. Just like regions around the world that didn’t have landlines went straight to cellphones, we’re going to go straight to fully automated robotic factories with 3D printing, laser milling and the latest technology set. It is not going to be a cut-and-paste of what happened in China, but a next-generation set of technologies that allow the U.S. to be self-sufficient in what we’re doing.

We’ve seen new techniques. As an example, rare earths were something no one ever talked about. Neodymium is this rare earth material that is key to making a magnet. Who cares about magnets? Well, magnets are in every electric motor in anything. Anything that has an electric motor, you care about magnets. Almost all the neodymium is made in China, and it is made in this very polluting, dangerous process. You do not want to visit one of these factories with fluorinated gases 鈥� it’s awful.

We’ve got a company making neodymium in Alameda, California. That is not an easy place to permit polluting things, which is fine for them because their process doesn’t pollute at all. It’s very simple. It’s two reactors. I walked around the facility. You don’t need any protective gear. Because it’s so simple, they are cost-competitive with Chinese imports.

To their customers who are saying 鈥淚’m trying to make magnets,鈥� they’re saying 鈥済reat, I will sell you neodymium. I have it. It’s cost-competitive.鈥�

Everyone is excited, but the thing we’re whispering in the background is, it’s also not polluting. This is how we’re going to win. It’s not a cut-and-paste of that technology over here, but saying, 鈥淗ow do we approach this in a way that’s simpler and cheaper, and then likely cleaner as well?鈥�

We’re doing the same thing in copper. We’ve got a whole bunch of bets in different kinds of materials where I think we can do it better in the U.S. We’ve got a company, , in South Carolina that’s doing this for copper recycling. We’re doing it in cement manufacturing. There is a whole variety of opportunities. I don’t have enough time to meet all these entrepreneurs.

We talked a lot about some of the companies in the energy sector. What are the other areas of investments that you’ve made that you’re excited about?

Schroepfer: I mentioned this a bit, but worth going a little deeper on is applications of AI to the physical world. I talked about one: Fractile, which is building a next-generation AI inference chip that’s much more power efficient.

Another example is a company called , which is using AI to put a simple piece of hardware on a power line, on both sides of a power line, to detect if there is a fault in that power line that might be causing a fire. The idea is that if you detect that fault sooner, you can prevent the fire before it’s a problem instead of waiting for it to happen and then having to respond. Using AI plus hardware to figure these things out is another example of that.

We have another company called that’s using AI to help with the nuts and bolts of how people make transactions to build energy projects. There is a lot of due diligence work and other things that need to happen. You can build, very much like for legal or for doctors, these vertical AI companies. This is a vertical AI company for energy developers. There is a lot to happen there.

Then is doing industrial automation with robots, using next-generation models to train robots to be more effective in factory environments, back to my point of how we are going to do this in the U.S. with advanced robotics. I think AI for the physical world is a big area.

I talked a bit about materials: neodymium, copper. We have a company called that’s making clean chemicals. Those would be the big areas I would highlight.

I know there are a lot of investors that you partner with or work with that are similarly focused in this area.

Schroepfer: The thing that’s been most interesting is that there is a set of folks who have been doing hard tech or climate for a while, and they are great partners of ours, from to to to many others. But what’s been interesting to me is the generalist firms coming in. A very common co-investor for us is , , or . We’re seeing them come in large amounts, because they’ve seen the economic opportunity here.

What did you learn from spending 14 years at Meta?

Schroepfer: I learned a few things. When I joined in 2008, the company had fewer than 100 million users, was not profitable, and had about a 150-person engineering team. We relied on outside parties to do all the hardware work. We were leasing data center space.

Over the next 14 years, we grew dramatically in users and profitability and in the size of the team. But we also moved into the physical world. As I showed you the server, we built our first data center in 2011. I built 10 million-plus square feet of data centers in 17 places all over the world. We then moved to consumer hardware, so we built the smart glasses, the Oculus Quest VR headset, and the Portal. Then we moved into AI research with the Facebook AI Research Lab in 2013.

That shift into the physical world brought a lot of really humbling lessons. There were a lot of times where stuff just went wrong. At the very first data center, I remember touring it under construction, and we had wood blocks on the loading dock because they had graded the loading dock wrong, so the trucks couldn’t back up and unload properly.

It’s this new, awesome, state-of-the-art data center with a free-air cooling system, and we got wrong the thing that every in the country has five of. It’s a million small challenges.

This is the thing I bring to the founders that I see: having learned how to build stuff in the physical world builds an appreciation for the risks and scale, and for how you need to emphasize speed and learning rate.

People learn the wrong lesson. They think hardware means spending a lot of time designing on paper. Wrong lesson. You have to get out there because you don’t know which part is going to blow. You have to get out there and learn as fast as you can and as cheaply as you can, so that when you’re in mass production, you’re not learning things, you’re just repeating.

That lesson, from data centers to consumer hardware, matters. When we build consumer hardware, you spend 18 months building this exquisite pair of glasses or this exquisite headset, but before you sell it, you have to do this drop-test thing, where you literally say, what happens when someone takes it out of the box at home and drops it on the ground? If it breaks, they return it, and we eat the cost. So you sit there and drop this thing with high-speed cameras over and over again to make sure it will survive a drop from head height. You don’t think of these things when you’re designing it. You have to make sure someone can drop it and it’s fine, or spill some wine on it and it’s fine.

Those problems in the real world, plus the challenges of building an executive team and scaling an organization, are the fun part of my job: working with our founders and having their back when things are tough, when they need to recruit someone, or when they’re running into a challenge in the real world, because I’ve seen it. I’ve seen it all.

What’s your reaction to the SpaceX IPO?

Schroepfer: I’m honestly pretty excited about it, because we have a lot of SpaceXers in our portfolio. I have a lot of friends who are alumni or work at SpaceX. Having more people in the world with the financial resources to work on audacious engineering projects is going to be really good.

I think it’s also a lesson in building and hardware. How many companies can land rockets the way SpaceX can? They’ve been doing this for a decade, so they have a very large technical moat in terms of what they’re able to deploy in the world. Starlink is another example. Everyone is racing to catch up. If you’ve ever used Starlink on an airplane, you don’t ever want to be on an airplane without Starlink. It’s hard to describe other companies that have such a singular product as SpaceX. I think it’s exciting that the markets are rewarding that. I can’t wait to see what SpaceX alumni do next.

I imagine there’s going to be a lot of company formation coming out of that IPO.

Schroepfer: It’s going to be an exciting five years. I met you after I started my first company in 2000 and sold it off. We looked at starting another company, and then I worked at and Facebook, so I’ve been through a couple cycles of this. I think it is the most exciting time to start a company, in terms of the capital available, the AI tools available to you, and the physical tools to build things quickly in the physical world. It’s the bet I made: I think this is the most interesting time to be building new companies. That’s the smaller version of why I did this. I think this is the time. This is the thing to be doing.

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The Menlo Park, California-based firm highlighted its early investment in , which last month overtook rival as the top-valued frontier lab in the world with a staggering $965 billion valuation. While Menlo Ventures鈥� investment in Anthropic鈥檚 was not its first bet on artificial intelligence, the firm described it as its 鈥渇lag-planting moment.鈥�

鈥淲e made our first investment in Anthropic in 2023, when the company was pre-product, pre-revenue. By then, ChatGPT was a household name, and many believed the LLM race was already decided. We saw it differently,鈥� the firm wrote in published Tuesday. 鈥淚n and his founding team 鈥� arguably the most accomplished researchers in the field 鈥� we saw the rare mix of technical depth and clarity of purpose that defines a category leader. We were convinced there was room for another independent foundation model company, that Anthropic was the team to build it, and that an investment in Anthropic could anchor our broader AI strategy.鈥�

The firm went on to lead Anthropic鈥檚 the following year.

鈥淭hat early relationship gave us a rare vantage point on the model layer and on the infrastructure, workflows, and application opportunities forming around it,鈥� the firm said this week.

Two new funds

The firm鈥檚 new capital is across two funds: , earmarked for seed and Series A startups, and , a growth fund for Series B and later startups that are 鈥渁lready pulling away from the pack and on their way to becoming the breakout names of the AI era.鈥�

Along with Anthropic, other notable Menlo Ventures investments over the years include , , , and . Anthropic, which has filed plans for a 2026 IPO, would be the largest exit to date for one of its portfolio companies by far, with an expected IPO target of $1 trillion or more.

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